4名华人科学家当选2011年美国科学院新科院士
2011-05-04 22:13:00   来源：   作者：  评论：0 点击：

美国当地时间2011年5月3日中午2011年美国科学院院士增选结果揭晓，选出72名新院士和来自15个国家的18名外籍院士，继2010年 3名华人科学家当选之后， 4名华人科学家今年当选。

Xie, X. Sunney; Mallinckrodt Professor of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, department of chemistry and chemical biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, Mass.

谢晓亮，出身于化学世家，其父为北大化学与分子工程学院著名教授谢有畅。他1984年毕业于北大化学系、获学士学位，并在本系继续攻读研究生。 1985年赴加州大学圣地亚哥分校攻读博士，1990年获博士学位后在芝加哥大学进行博士后研究，1992年起在美国太平洋西北国家实验室工作，1999 年被聘为哈佛大学化学与生物系终身教授，是该校仅有的两位中国大陆的终身教授之一。目前其研究重点是单分子光谱检测及其在生命科学中的应用。谢教授曾获美 国物理学会的青年光谱学家奖、以色列总统奖等多项殊荣（转自百度百科）

值得关注的是谢教授2010组织在北京大学建立了生物动态光学成像中心（Biodynamic Optical Imaging Center, BIOPIC），我的一个朋友加盟该中心担任PI。

Kung, Ching; Vilas Professor of Genetics and Molecular Biology, departments of genetics and molecular biology, Laboratory of Cell and Molecular Biology, University of Wisconsin, Madison

研究微生物的信号传导，主要是离子通道，实验室中国人不少，看名字像是香港人 

Ye, Jun; NIST fellow, National Institute of Standards and Technology; JILA fellow, JILA; and adjoint professor, department of physics, University of Colorado, Boulder

不详

外籍院士 

Li, Jiayang; professor, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, and vice president, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing (People’s Republic of China)

李家洋，植物分子遗传学家，中国科学院院士，研究员。历任中国科学院遗传研究所所长助理、所长，遗传与发育生物学研究所所长，中国科学院副院长。

其他生物医学领域值得关注的本土大牛如下 (按姓氏字母排名)，其中不少HHMI研究员：

Akil, Huda; co-director, Molecular and Behavioral Neuroscience Institute, and Gardner Quarton Distinguished University Professor of Neuroscience and Psychiatry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor

令人尊敬的女神经科学家，主要贡献是首次发现内源性鸦片肽的生理作用，曾经担任全球最大神经学会the Society for Neuroscience主席

Bartel, David P.; investigator, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, and professor of biology, department of biology, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge

作为年轻的HHMI研究员，主要贡献发现microRNA和阐明其和功能和调控机制，其当选也顺应目前的miRNA热潮。 他的经典论文Bartel DP, “MicroRNAs: genomics, biogenesis, mechanism, and function,” Cell 116(2): 281-97, 23 January 2004按google检索至今已被引5700次。

Beaudet, Arthur L.; Henry and Emma Meyer Professor and chair, department of molecular and human genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston

主要贡献genomic imprinting

Birchler, James A.; Curators’ Professor, division of biological sciences, University of Missouri, Columbia

主要贡献Drosophila and Maize genetics

Buckley, Rebecca H.; J. Buren Sidbury Professor of Pediatrics and professor of immunology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, N.C.

女免疫学家，78岁高龄当选为院士确实不容易

Church, George M.; director, Lipper Center for Computational Genetics, and professor of genetics, department of genetics, Harvard Medical School, Boston

56岁，技术开发大师，1984年发明了第一个直接基因组测序方法direct genomic sequencing method ，后期又发明 molecular multiplexing and tags, homologous recombination methods和 DNA array synthesizers.

Dietz, Harry C., III; investigator, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, and Victor A. McKusick Professor of Genetics and Medicine, McKusick-Nathans Institute of Genetic Medicine, departments of medicine, pediatrics, and molecular biology and genetics, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore

HHMI研究员，主要研究血管壁的发育，促进了对马方综合症等心血管疾病的治疗

Goldberg, Michael E.; David Mahoney Professor of Brain and Behavior, and director, Mahoney Center for Mind and Brain, Columbia University College of Physicians, New York City

主要研究认知神经科学，即将当选the Society for Neuroscience主席

Gottschling, Daniel E.; full member, basic sciences division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle

运用酵母为模型研究老化和肿瘤之间的关系

Hawley, R. Scott; investigator, Stowers Institute for Medical Research, Kansas City, Mo.

染色体的同源重组等机制

Heuser, John E.; professor of biophysics, department of cell biology and physiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis

69岁，发明了quick-freeze deep-etch electron microscopy，对电镜技术的发展有主要贡献

Hultgren, Scott J.; Helen L. Stoever Professor of Molecular Microbiology, and director, Center for Women’s Infectious Disease Research, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis

研究致病菌浸入宿主的机制

Jacobsen, Steven E.; investigator, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, and professor, department of molecular, cell, and developmental biology, University of California, Los Angeles

HHMI研究员，用拟南芥为模型研究DNA甲基化

Kingsley, David M.; investigator, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, and professor of developmental biology, department of developmental biology, Stanford University, Stanford, Calif.

HHMI研究员，研究脊椎动物骨骼发育和进化

Kobilka, Brian K.; professor, departments of molecular and cellular physiology and medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, Calif.

突出贡献在于鉴定出 G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs)的分子结构，GPCRs是非常重要的药物靶点但是非常难得到其晶体结构 。有趣的是他于1987– 2003当选为HHMI研究员（一个聘期5年），后来没有续聘（个人推测估计是工作当时没得到HHMI评委的认可，不然谁也不愿放弃HHMI 对当选研究员每年雷打不动的巨额资助），不过其后来的贡献得到公认，其鉴定的GPCR结构被列为Science杂志The runners-up for 2007′s Breakthrough of the Year

Manley, James L.; Julian Clarence Levi Professor of Life Sciences, department of biological sciences, Columbia University, New York City

研究基因表达调控，尤其是mRNA splicing

Maquat, Lynne E.; J. Lowell Orbison Chair and professor of biochemistry and biophysics, department of biochemistry and biophysics, University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry, Rochester, N.Y.

又一位女科学家，学校不是很出名，主要研究翻译机制，尤其是nonsense-mediated mRNA decay (NMD)

Mellman, Ira S.; vice president of research oncology, Genentech Inc., South San Francisco, Calif.

发现endosome，在进入公司前任耶鲁大学肿瘤中心主任，Journal of Cell Biology 主编 1999-2008

Nathan, Carl F.; chairman, department of microbiology and immunology, Weill Cornell Medical College, Cornell University, New York City

主要研究macrophages

Nussenzweig, Michel C.; investigator, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, and Sherman Fairchild Professor and senior physician, department of molecular immunology, Rockefeller University, New York City

HHMI研究员，研究B lymphocytes and dendritic cells发育和功能

Parada, Luis F.; professor and Diana K. and Richard C. Strauss Distinguished Chair in Developmental Biology, department of developmental biology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas

信号传导，原癌基因在发育和肿瘤中的作用

Warren, Stephen T.; William Patterson Timmie Professor and chair, department of human genetics, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta

主要研究fragile X syndrome 的遗传学。The American Journal of Human Genetics主编1999-2005。 2004就当选为Institute of Medicine of the National Academies院士。

新当选的外籍院士有两个非常瞩目，有炸药奖潜质

Hartl, Franz-Ulrich; director, department of cellular biochemistry, Max Planck Institute of Biochemistry, Martinsried, Germany (Germany) ，

发现蛋白质折叠中的分子伴侣chaperone（炸药奖级别的重大发现）1998年当选为EMBO 会员

Yamanaka, Shinya; senior investigator and L.K. Whittier Foundation Investigator in Stem Cell Biology, Gladstone Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, University of California, San Francisco (Japan)

2009年因发现诱导多能干细胞iPS获得有小炸药奖之誉的Lasker Basic Research Award，当选完全没悬念

总的来看生物医学领域的院士有20多位，在总数（一共72)上占绝对优势。从学科分类看，传统学科遗传学在今年当选的超多，包括中国的外籍院士也是植物遗传学领域的，而肿瘤领域的很少，似乎和去年肿瘤领域当选的比较多有关（可以参考2010年院士点评博文）。

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